Assessment of Visfatin, GDF-15, and Galectin-3 as a cardio-vascular Risk Stratification Markers among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46966/msjar.v7i2.408Keywords:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Growth Differentiation Factor 15, Galectin 3, InflammAbstract
Background & Objective: Emerging evidence highlights chronic inflammation as a key mechanism underlying cardiovascular risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular-related biomarkers, including visfatin, GDF-15, and galectin-3 in female participants with PCOS and compare them to healthy ones. Materials and methods: A case-control study comprised of 65 women with PCOS and 65 subjects without PCOS (controls). The participants were aged between 20 and 40 years. Serum concentrations of visfatin, GDF-15, and galectin-3 were analyzed via the ELISA technique. Statistical analysis included comparison of clinical and metabolic indicators (BMI, lipid panel, and insulin resistance) between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to identify the predictive ability of the investigated markers. Results: Serum amounts of visfatin, GDF-15, and galectin-3 were markedly raised in females with PCOS relative to healthy ones (643.67 ± 210.12 vs. 401.87 ± 69.09, 26.64 ± 9.92 vs. 10.43 ± 3.09, and 151.70 ± 55.26 vs. 101.42 ± 13.18, respectively; all p < 0.001). In addition, PCOS patients demonstrated greater BMI, IR, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL levels, with notably lower HDL levels compared with controls. ROC curve analysis demonstrated good diagnostic and predictive performance of visfatin, GDF-15, and galectin-3 with AUC values ranging from 0.909 to 0.972. Conclusion: The findings suggest that visfatin, GDF-15, and galectin-3 may serve as promising inflammatory biomarkers linked with raised cardiovascular risk in patients with this syndrome.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Abdulkareem M. Jewad, Fadia A. Abdulnabi
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