Enterococcus faecalis Virulence Spectrum in UTI: Phenotypic and Genotypic Insight from Al-Najaf City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46966/msjar.v6i2.281Keywords:
Urinary tract infection, Enterococcus faecalis, Pathogenesis, Virulence factors, esp gene, ace gene, BiofilmAbstract
Background: Enterococci are a prominent cause of Gram-positive urinary tract infections (UTIs) globally. Key virulance mechanisms, such as particular factors and biofilm formation, hider antimicrobial efficacy during infection. Objective: We investigated the incidence of UTI and characterized virulence determinants in clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolates. Methods: Twenty E. faecalis isolates recovered from UTI patients in Al-Najaf city were phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Results: Isolates exhibited divers virulence profiles. All produce biofilm. Phenotypic assays showed gelatinase in 30%, protease in 55%, and hemolysin in 85% of isolates. The virulence genes esp and ace were present in 60% and 50% of isolates, respectively. Conclusion: the study demonstrates that E. faecalis isolates from Al-Najaf City possess a variety of virulence factors. The frequent detection of these factors, notably the esp and ace genes, supports their significant role in the pathogenesis of UTIs caused by these bacteria.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Samer A. MH. Al-Hilali, Zainab Jaber Hadi, Ahmed A. Hussein
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