Correlation between Long-term Glycemic Control (HbA1c) and Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) as a Biomarker for Neuroinflammation in Diabetic Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46966/msjar.v7i2.397Keywords:
HbA1c, Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Diabetic Mellitus, NeuroinflammationAbstract
Background: Neuroinflammation is a big contributor to Type 2 Diabetes. This study examined the connection between the two markers of chronic glycemic control, HbA1c, and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), which measures astrocyte injury. We speculate that sustained hyperglycaemia induces blood brain barrier disruption and astrogliosis that results in an increase of systemic GFAP. Method:The number of subjects enrolled were 150 (Controls, Controlled DM, and Uncontrolled DM). The HbA1c was determined by HPLC and the serum GFAP level was quantified by high-sensitivity ELISA kits. For statistical analyses, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation were used. Results: The GFAP level was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the uncontrolled DM group (0.42 ±0.12 ng/mL) than in any other group. HbA1c was highly positively correlated with GFAP (r = 0.82), implying GFAP is a reliable systemic biomarker that can be used to monitor subclinical neuroinflammation in diabetic patients. Conclusion: Elevated levels of HbA1c are associated with elevated serum GFAP levels and the association between the two is significant and strong.
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