Evaluation of Some Immunological Markers in Patients with Acute Pyelonephritis Caused by Proteus mirabilis

Abstract

Background: Acute pyelonephritis caused by Proteus mirabilis is a severe urinary tract infection considered by deep tissue inflammation; microRNAs and chemokine’s play vital roles in regulating the host immune response. This study goals to evaluate the disease station and determine the diagnostic efficacy of the immune axis linking miR-370 and CCL2 in patient serum. Methodology: This study employed a case-control design involving a overall sample of 120 individuals, comprising 60 patients with P.mirabilis persuaded pyelonephritis and 60 healthy controls. Demographic data were recorded, and miR-370 gene expression levels were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR , while serum CCL2 concentrations were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Clinical valuation showed that fever (75%) and flank pain (50%) were the greatest common symptoms. Immunological analysis revealed lesser miR-370 expression levels in patients (0.55 ± 0.01) compared to healthy controls (1.89 ± 0.02) at P < 0.001, while serum CCL2 concentrations were higher in patients (11.45 ± 0.011)  vs.  control (1.26 ± 0.017) pg/mL at P < 0.001. A strong negative correlation was experiential between the two markers (r = -0.645, P < 0.001). Combining the two indicators into a diagnostic panel reached high discriminative accurateness, with an area under the curve of 0.954, sensitivity of 92.0%, and 90.5%. of a specificity. Conclusion: The present study confirms that pyelonephritis causes a profound disturbance characterized by the loss of miR-370-mediated immune-regulatory suppression, leading to a marked increase in serum CCL2 levels. This dual-biomarker panel serves as an accurate, non-invasive tool for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury.