Interaction between SNP-SNP Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Najaf Governorate, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease involving multiple organs and systems. The IL1β-C>T and IL10-G>A genes are linked by the risk of developing several autoimmune diseases, including SLE in adults. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the IL-1β, IL-10 SNP is interaction with susceptibility to SLE. Methods. In this case-control study, of both sexes, ranging in age from 20 to 61, of 113 patients with SLE and 122 healthy controls participated in this study, at the Al-Sader Medical City (specialized center for Rheumatology) in Al-Najaf Province, Iraq. Where IL-1β and IL-10 was analyzed, polymorphism performed using PCR-RFLP analysis. For the Detection of SNP-SNP interactions, a different statistical technique, multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis (MDR), was used. Results: The genotype frequency distribution among patients differed significantly from that of controls (p = 0.023). The frequency of IL1β +3954C>T was 6.2% in patients with SLE and 0.8% for control group, the OR value indicates the absence of a statistically significant association (OR (95% CI): 7.99 (0.98 - 65.43)), and the frequencies of the IL10-1082G>A genotype GA 38.1% and 27.0% (p =0.027); OR 95% CI:1.85 (1.07 - 3.20). The prevalence of the G allele of the investigated polymorphism was greater in patients with SLE than in controls (p = 0.001). When conducting MDR analysis of intergenic interactions IL1β +3954C>T - IL10-1082 G>A in a two-factor combination of these genes. Where TC/AA genes IL1β-C>T - IL10- G>A, respectively, are associated with the risk reduction of SLE between the groups, where found statistically significant (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.16 - 0.69; p = 0.002, pbonf = 0.006).   Conclusion. The obtained data indicate that the IL10-1082 G>A polymorphism is a significant risk factor for predisposition to SLE. Analysis of allele frequencies across alternative patient groups showed a reduced risk of SLE predisposition associated with carriage of the T allele at the IL1β +3954C/T (rs1143634) polymorphism.